Noun は Noun です
Identify with です
Set a topic with は, then identify or describe it. Change です for negative or past time.
です is polite and does not change for person. Japanese often omits a topic that is already obvious.
文法基礎
Build complete thoughts with です and ます, then use particles to show what each noun is doing.
Keep these three
- です sentences describe or identify.
- ます sentences place an action in time.
- Particles show Japanese roles: actions affect を, while the wanted thing takes が.
Noun は Verb ます
Place actions in time
The ます family expresses polite non-past, negative, past, and past-negative actions.
Place で Noun を Verb ます
Act on something
Use を for the thing directly affected and で for the place, tool, language, or means of the action.
（私は）Noun が ほしいです
Say what you want
Use が to mark the thing you want. The person who wants it can be framed with は and is often omitted when obvious.
Ask 何がほしいですか. Because ほしい is an い-adjective, its negative form is ほしくないです.
Close the notes
Can you bring it back?
01How do you make です past-negative?
じゃありませんでした
02Which particles mark a direct object and the thing you want?
を marks a direct object; が marks the wanted thing.
03How do you say “I do not want anything”?
何もほしくないです。